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Measuring Participation and Contribution of Rural Men and Women in Indian Agriculture
The unit-level data of the recently released Time Use Survey 2019 was used to analyse the participation and contribution of men and women engaged in agriculture and allied sectors for states and union territories of India. The pattern of daily time use in other activities like unpaid work, leisure, and self-care have also been presented. There is a need to share the unpaid domestic and care work for enhanced participation and contribution of women in agriculture.
Agriculture sector plays an important role in the livelihood of people in India, providing employment and income. This sector has shown resilience in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic when most of the other sectors of economy have registered marginal or negative growth. The share of agriculture and allied sectors in the gross value added (GVA) of the country at current prices in 2019–20 was 16.5%. Although the growth of GVA in 2019–20 was only 2.8% as compared to 6.3% in 2016–17, it was higher than all the other sectors of economy (GoI 2020).
Women play a key role in agriculture in India apart from the reproductive role, household activities, caregiving, involvement in the society/community, etc. They provide critical labour by carrying out large number of activities in agriculture, namely land preparation, sowing operations, planting, weeding, pest control, harvesting, threshing, winnowing, management of livestock and fisheries, storage, processing, and marketing.
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