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Reappraising Tribal Movements

can assure year-long work for the individual.
Instead of creating jobs, the myopic industrial policy and project have actually deprived several thousand traditional workmen of their livelihood. Many have started migrating to nearby towns, thus completing the last ironic twist of this industrial knife.

Reappraising Tribal Movements

The Jharkhandis have rightly felt that moral and intellectual domination is the first thing they need to counter and for that they have to produce an alternative moral and intellectual leadership. From the experience of past struggles and analyses of the failures, they have come to the realisation that the main drawback of the Jharkhand movement since its beginning has been the lack of intellectual support IN this century the mass propagators- Christian missionaries, social workers and political activists

Reappraising Tribal Movements-I-A Myth in the Making

occupied some bits of land (government or gair mazurwa) that should by law go to the landless. Farther, even on landlords' land, there is at times a contradiction between the landless labourers,, who have a claim over ceiling-surplus land, and the sharecroppers who may have been settled on it.

THE PHILIPPINES- Towards New Democracy

Nirmal Sengupta ON February 2 the Philippines votes for the ratification of the proposed new constitution- If adopted, it will be the sixth constitution of the country. Only the short-lived first constitution of 1899, effective for a few days between liberation from Spanish rule and annexation by the US, apart from the present one, can claim to be a popular or a revolutionary constitution. The first constitution of the post-war republic was drafted under strict, formal supervision of the US. This was revised by a dictator in 1973 who sought approval from only a dozen of his lackeys. When the 'elected' President

Tribal India History, Politics, Polemics

Tribal India: History, Politics, Polemics Nirmal Sengupta Tribal Society in India by K S Singh; Manohar, New Delhi, 1985, pp 327,
K S SINGH is one of the few administrators who have not only retained a lively interest in academic research but have vigorously pursued it. The book under review is a product of the rethinking he has been engaged in since the seventies. The contents are, therefore, not only informative but polemical Indeed, the book deserves attention for both these reasons. As a participant observer in the capacity of an administrator in tribal areas for about twenty-five years, Singh was in a unique position to amass many varieties of information, And although one agrees with him that a public servant today does not have the leisure and opportunity to keep pace with the rapidity with -which each discipline is generating and discarding its theoretical models, one admires how, in spite of that, Singh has remained so well-conversant with many of the most recent thoretical developments in the related fields. However, the time constraint is very sharply manifested in one area

CAPITAL VIEW

compounded not only by giving weightage to Centrally-sponsored schemes in different areas of development which fall within the sphere of responsibility of the states, but also by more detailed supervision by Central authorities of the allocation of funds and their deployment under these schemes. This is bound to hamstring the initiative of the states in the implementation of these schemes in the light of local conditions and circumstances. Such a dispensation is bound to create frictions and tensions in Centre- State relations which will in due course find political expressions in a variety of ways and forms. The fact is that the Prime Minister does not subscribe and is indeed allergic to the concept and principles of a federal polity. He is fond of insisting that India is not a federal set-up but is a union in which Central authority is supreme and must prevail in regulating relations between the Centre and states. This is the basic position which colours his views on strengthening national unity and integration.

Class and Tribe in Jharkhand

Class and Tribe in Jharkhand Nirmal Sengupta The one feature common to many of the 19th century 'tribal' revolts against British rule in the region bordering the present West Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was that they were all specifically directed against 'outsiders'. The correspondence between the exploiters and the outsiders in this area was so stark that the tribal word 'diku' came to mean both the 'exploiter' and the 'outsider'.

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