ISSN (Print) - 0012-9976 | ISSN (Online) - 2349-8846

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Outcaste Power Ritual Displacement and Virile-Maternity in Indian Women Writers

Virile Maternity in Indian Women Writers Meena Alexander To what extent did women writers have to struggle with the iconic image of the feminine, sanctioned and prescribed by culture, in order to reach the truth of imaginative knowledge? How did the struggle to decolonise relate to this effort of the female imagination? This paper attempts to explore these issues in Toru Dutt who wrote in English and in works orginally composed in Malayalam by Lalithambika Antharjanam and the poems of Nalapat Balamaniamma.

Sarojini Naidu: Romanticism and Resistance

Born in Hyderabad, India in 1879 Sarojini Naidu received a British education. Her poems pick up the diction of the English decadents, transposing the images into India. The pained passive women in her poetry stand however in radical contrast to Naidu's own life: she was a close friend of Gandhi's and active in the National movement, suffering imprisonment numerous times. In 1925 she was elected the first Indian women president of the National Congress. How can the cleft between her poetry and her politics be explained? What does it reveal about the complex procedures of Naidu's own evolving feminism as it struggled with colonialism?

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